Grant the smallest set of permissions required for each integration step, pairing separate service accounts with narrowly scoped tokens. Map permissions to workflows rather than people, rotate credentials frequently, and revoke unused scopes quickly. Document every exception, justify it with risk context, and collect logs proving that high-privilege paths are rarely used. This approach limits blast radius, simplifies reviews, and impresses auditors looking for evidence that access aligns with purpose, not convenience or guesswork.
Move only the fields necessary for the business outcome, and isolate sensitive datasets behind clear interfaces. Use field-level filtering, masking, or hashing to reduce exposure across tools. Split production, staging, and development with distinct credentials and datasets to prevent accidental leakage. When possible, process data in place rather than copying it everywhere. These small decisions shrink compliance scope, curb incident impact, and make breach notifications less likely, because fewer systems ever hold customer-identifiable or regulated information in the first place.
Favor standards like OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect with PKCE, short-lived access tokens, and refresh token rotation. Enforce TLS everywhere, consider mutual TLS for especially sensitive data, and disallow token reuse by binding sessions to device and context signals. Avoid long-lived API keys; if they are unavoidable, store them in a vault, rotate aggressively, and log each retrieval. These practices prevent silent drift toward risky defaults and make your incident response faster, clearer, and far less stressful.